Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Tusi

 Baghdad,Baghdad Province, Iraq

History

Nasir al-Din al-Tusi, is one of the most influential figures in the history of Islamic thought and one of the most important Twelver Shi'a philosophers, scientists, and theologians. He was the founder of Maraghah observatory and a library with over 400,000 books.

Nasir al-Din was born on Jumada I 11, 597/February 24, 1201 in Tus and grew there. Thus, he came to be known as "al-Tusi". He was originally from Jahrud near Qom in a district called "Veshareh".
Nasir al-Din studied the Quran, sarf (conjugation of words), nahw (Arabic syntax), and etiquettes when he was a child (his first teachers were his grandfather, Muhammad b. al-Hasan, in fiqh and hadith, and his uncle Nur al-Din 'Ali b. Muhammad al-Shi'i in logic and philosophy). Under his father's instructions, he studied mathematics with Kamal al-Din Muhammad and then learned the fiqh and disciplines of hadith from his father. He perfectly learned different branches of mathematics (calculus, geometry, and algebra).
After his father's death, he went to every place where there was a competent teacher. Thus, he went to Nishapur which was a center of scholars, and studied with Siraj al-Din al-Qamari, Qutb al-Din al-Sarakhsi, Farid al-Din Damad, Abu l-Sa'adat al-Isfahani, and others. He also met Farid al-Din al-'Attar in the city.
Nasir al-Din al-Tusi's character is distinguished by his ability to control Mongol warriors, protect the work of Muslim scholars, and advance the cause of an Islamic civilization. He is said to be Ibn Sina's peer in scholarship, except that Ibn Sina mastered medicine the most, and al-Tusi mastered mathematics the most. His scholarly contributions include his defense of the Islamic Peripatetic philosophy and the transformation of the Shiite kalam into a philosophical kalam. All subsequent works of kalam were influenced by his Tajrid al-i'tiqad.
Just like Ibn Sina, Nasir al-Din al-Tusi was involved in politics, but against his own will. Hulagu Khan's awareness of Nasir al-Din al-Tusi's scholarly position led to the Khan's decision not to kill him in the Isma'ili fort and to keep him as his companion. The conversion of Mongol kings to Islam was inspired by Nasir al-Din al-Tusi's presence at their palace, and a special event in his life was his accompaniment of Hulagu Khan in the Conquest of Baghdad. Today, some Sunni scholars condemn the fall of the Sunni government in Baghdad and blame Nasir al-Din al-Tusi for his accompaniment of the Khan in the conquest.

Additional Info

Accompanied by his students, Nasir al-Din al-Tusi traveled to Baghdad in 672/1274 to collect the remaining of plundered books, but he couldn't complete this mission and passed away on Dhu l-Hijja 18, 672/July 2, 1274 in Baghdad, and according to his will he was buried in the Shrine of Kazimayn, Kadhimiya. According to his will, his political and scholarly position was not mentioned on his grave stone, rather, a part of the 18 verse of Sura al-Kahf (18) was written on his grave stone, "and their dog [lies] stretching its forelegs at the threshold".

  How to Reach: Baghdad International Airport the mosque is around 26 KM. It is 6 KM from Baghdad Railway station and 11.7 KM from Baghdad Bus station,

Nearest City : Baghdad
Nearest Bus Stop : Al - Kadhimiya Al - Orouba Square
Nearest Airport : Baghdad International Airport
Nearest Railway Station : Baghdad Railway station
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